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Balsaminaceae

Updated: Dec 13, 2019

1. Impantiens balsamina L.


Impantiens balsamina L (Joseph, 2009)

CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom: Plantae

Divisio: Magnoliophyta

Classis: Magnoliopsida

Ordo: Ericales

Familia: Balsaminaceae

Genus: Impatiens

Species: Impatiens balsamina L.


CHARACTERISTIC

Conspicuous red flower narrow leaf


BENEFIT

Prevent cancer cell


Leaves, Flower and Branch Impatiens balsamina L.

(Hidayat, Abdurrahman. 2017)



Flower anatomy of Impatiens balsaminaceae


DESCRIPTION

Habit and leaf form

Impatiens balsamina is a ANNUAL growing to 0.6 m (2ft) by 0.5 m (1ft 8in) at a medium rate. It is frost tender. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.

Herbs; with watery juice. ‘Normal’ plants to switch-plants (generally with translucent stems, rarely almost shrubby). Plants more or less succulent to non-succulent. Annual, or perennial; with a basal aggregation of leaves, or without conspicuous aggregations of leaves. Helophytic, or mesophytic. Leaves medium-sized; alternate, or opposite, or whorled; when alternate, spiral; when whorled, 3 per whorl; flat; petiolate; non-sheathing; simple; epulvinate. Lamina entire; acicular to linear, or oblong to ovate; pinnately veined; cross-venulate. Leaves exstipulate (as generally interpreted), or stipulate. Stipules if detectable, represented by glands. Lamina margins entire, or crenate, or serrate.

Leaf anatomy

The leaf lamina dorsiventral. Hydathodes commonly present (in te leaf teeth). Stomata present; anomocytic, or anisocytic. Hairs usually absent. The mesophyll containing mucilage cells, or not containing mucilage cells; containing crystals. The crystals raphides (the abundance of raphide sacs - these often also containing mucilage - here and in the cortex being characteristic of the family). Minor leaf veins with phloem transfer cells (Impatiens).

Axial (stem, wood) anatomy

Young stems with solid internodes, or with hollow internodes. Secretory cavities absent (but large cells with mucilaginous contents in the ground parenchyma). Nodes unilacunar. Primary vascular tissues comprising a ring of bundles; collateral. Internal phloem absent. Cortical bundles absent. Medullary bundles absent. Secondary thickening more or less absent to developing from a conventional cambial ring (the interfascicular cambium giving rise internally only to thin-walled ground tissue, without vessels). The axial xylem with vessels.

The vessel end-walls simple.

Reproductive type, pollination

Unisexual flowers absent. Plants hermaphrodite. Pollination entomophilous; mechanism conspicuously specialized (as regards the androecium/gynoecium relationship).

Inflorescence, floral, fruit and seed morphology

Flowers solitary, or aggregated in ‘inflorescences’; when aggregated, in cymes. The ultimate inflorescence units cymose. Inflorescences or flowers axillary; small, sometimes umbelliform cymes, or the flowers solitary. Flowers bracteate; bracteolate, or ebracteolate; medium-sized; very irregular; zygomorphic; resupinate (often, the anterior organs appearing posterior and the large, spurred posterior sepal appearing anterior in the mature flower), or not resupinate. The floral irregularity involving the perianth and involving the androecium. Flowers basically 5 merous; cyclic; tetracyclic. Free hypanthium absent. Hypogynous disk absent (Watson, Dallwitz. 1992).


DISTRIBUTION

Tropic areas


LOCATION


STATUS

Exist


REFERENCE

Josep, Wong. 2009. Balsaminaceae. [Online]. Available in: https://www.flickr.com/photos

Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 1992 onwards. The families of Flowering Plants: descriptions,

illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 24th November 2019. delta

intkey.com’ .

Hidayat, Topik & Abdurrahman, Eman. 2017. Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Biji di Kampus UPI

Bandung. Bandung. UPI Press.



2. Impatiens platypetala Lind.


Impatiens platypetala Lindl.

CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom: Plantae

Divisio: Magnoliphyta

Classis: Magnoliopsida

Ordo: Geraniales

Familia: Balsaminaceae

Genus: Impatiens

Species: Impatiens platypetala Lindl.

Common name: Pacar Banyu

CHARACTERISTIC

A bit wide leaf with various color of flower


BENEFIT

Medicine for rheumatic and menstruation


Impatiens platypetala Lindl.

(Hidayat & Topik, 2017)


DESCRIPTION

Impatiens platypetala Lindl. is a perennial herb that can grow up to 30-100 cm tall and it is erect or decumbent. The leaves are arranged 3-whorled but sometimes opposite, ovate to ovate-elliptical, measure 6-11.5 cm x 1-3.5 cm, attenuate at base, acute to acuminate at apex, with shallowly serrate margins and petiole 0.7-2.8 cm long .The flowers are solitary, with slender pedicel and 4-6.5 cm long. The lat­eral sepals are lance-shaped to ovate, 7-12 mm long and acuminate. The lower sepal is shallowly navicular, 8-12 mm long, abruptly constricted into a curved, with slender spur 20-40 mm long, and whitish or greenish. The petals are flat and obcordate. The dorsal petal measures 11-14 mm x 7-9 mm while the lateral petals are 19-21 mm long and they are shallow­ly emarginated. The upper pair is slightly smaller than the lower pair. The petal is pink, rose, purple, violet, white, or white with a coloured eye. The capsule is spindle-shaped, smooth, and measures 16-­18 mm x 4-5 mm ( USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network-(GRIN), 2015)


DISTRIBUTION

Tropical region


LOCATION

Zone 1 of UPI Botanic Garden


STATUS

Exist


REFERENCES

USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network-(GRIN).2015. Impatiens platypetala Lindl. [homepage on the Internet]. Beltsville, Maryland: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory; c2013 [updated 2009 May 13;. Available from: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?19845





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